gastrointestinal hormones

The gastrointestinal hormones can be divided into three main groups based upon their chemical structure.

There are several candidate gastrointestinal hormones for the role of 'pancreatotropin'.

CCK is very similar in structure to gastrin, another of the gastrointestinal hormones.

The molecules of the kinins are simpler than are those of the gastrointestinal hormones.

The molecule of insulin is a polypeptide, as are those of the gastrointestinal hormones, but it is more complicated.

This agent inhibits the release of several gastrointestinal hormones and reduces gastrointestinal secretions.

There are biochemists who suspect that gastrin (one of the gastrointestinal hormones pointed out in the previous chapter, see p. 20) is really histamine.

Various gastrointestinal hormones such as glucagon and calcitonin have been investigated in studies on the prevention of ERCP induced pancreatitis.

This enzyme breaks down the incretins GLP-1 and GIP, gastrointestinal hormones released in response to a meal.

Gutpeptide hypothesis: gastrointestinal hormones like Grp, glucagons, CCK and others claimed to inhibit food intake.

All these hormones collaborate to keep the digestive secretions of the stomach and intestines working with smooth organization, and they are all lumped together as the gastrointestinal hormones.

GRP regulates numerous functions of the gastrointestinal and central nervous systems, including release of gastrointestinal hormones, smooth muscle cell contraction, and epithelial cell proliferation.

The researchers, at the Veterans Administration Medical Center in Sepulveda, Calif., suggest in the journal Science that memory may be enhanced by gastrointestinal hormones released during feeding.

The gastrointestinal hormones (or gut hormones) constitute a group of hormones secreted by enteroendocrine cells in the stomach, pancreas, and small intestine that control various functions of the digestive organs.

The gastrointestinal hormones, discussed in Chapter i, are produced by cells of the intestinal lining which are not marked off in any very noticeable way, making it difficult to define actual glands in that case.

Incretins are a group of gastrointestinal hormones that cause an increase in the amount of insulin released from the beta cells of the islets of Langerhans after eating, even before blood glucose levels become elevated.

Additionally, the effect of fibre on other gastrointestinal hormones such as gastric inhibitory polypeptide, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide and glucagon may be important, probably through their effect on insulin and its antinatriuretic role (Anderson, 1980).

They produce in response to various stimuli gastrointestinal hormones or peptides and release them into the bloodstream for systemic effect, diffuse them as local messengers, or transmit them to the enteric nervous system to active nervous responses.

In mammals and birds two categories of bombesin-like peptides are known, gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP), which stimulates the release of gastrin as well as other gastrointestinal hormones, and neuromedin B (NMB), a neuropeptide whose function is not yet clear.