finalism

Between legalism and finalism.

For example, the Jacobins behavior during the French Revolution would be a typical example of "empirical finalism."

Bergson rejected what he saw as the overly mechanistic predominant view of causality (as expressed in, say, finalism).

It representing what Parsons called "worldly asceticism" and in that capacity, it represented the absolute opposite principle of empirical finalism.

Henri Bergson's Lebensphilosophie (Philosophy of Life) can be seen as a response to the mechanistic philosophies of his time, but also to the failure of finalism.

In aesthetics he held a position that he called "subjective finalism", a label later adopted by Immanuel Kant: rather than being an objective property of objects, beauty is the relationship between the object and the representative power of the observer.

Yves - Marie Adeline's aesthetic works update the doctrine of Empedocles according to whom " only the same knows the same ", but also the aristotelian finalism, according to which the best expert of a saddle is not the craftsman, but the rider.

Henceforth, he attempted to find a third way between mechanism and finalism, through the notion of an original impulse, the élan vital, in life, which dispersed itself through evolution into contradictory tendencies (he substituted to the finalist notion of a teleological aim a notion of an original impulse).

Indeed, he considers that finalism is unable to explain "duration" and the "continuous creation of life", as it only explains life as the progressive development of an initially determined program - a notion which remains, for example, in the expression of a "genetic program"; such a description of finalism was adopted, for instance, by Leibniz.