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The changes that occur in epithelial dysplasia include:
The following are commonly cited as being possible features of epithelial dysplasia in leukoplakia specimens:
Colonic epithelial dysplasia is patchy.
Epithelial dysplasia becomes microinvasive squamous cell carcinoma once the tumor begins to invade nearby tissue.
Epithelial dysplasia is the sum of various disturbances of epithelial proliferation and differentiation as seen microscopically.
Microscopically, the tissue exhibits severe epithelial dysplasia, carcinoma-in-situ, or invasive squamous cell carcinoma in 90% of cases.
As a molecular indicator of epithelial dysplasia of the oropharynx, Ki-67 expression appears to correlate well with loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in tumor cells.
Tissue biopsy is usually indicated to rule out other causes of white patches and also to enable a detailed histologic examination to grade the presence of any epithelial dysplasia.
Morse DE, Pendrys DG, Katz RV, et al.: Food group intake and the risk of oral epithelial dysplasia in a United States population.
Tabor MP, Braakhuis BJ, van der Wal JE, et al.: Comparative molecular and histological grading of epithelial dysplasia of the oral cavity and the oropharynx.
Examples of dysplasia include epithelial dysplasia of the cervix (cervical intraepithelial neoplasia - a disorder commonly detected by an abnormal pap smear) consists of an increased population of immature (basal-like) cells which are restricted to the mucosal surface, and have not invaded through the basement membrane to the deeper soft tissues.
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