degree of substitution , DS (skrót)

It is often difficult to control the degree of substitution as well, so multiple substitutions are common.

However, degree of substitution is often expressed in percentages.

This regioselectivity does not appear to depend on conjugation or the degree of substitution.

Degree of substitution is the average level of methoxy substitution on the cellulose chain.

The chemical shifts in F NMR appear over a very wide range, depending on the degree of substitution and functional group.

The average number of substituted hydroxyl groups per glucose unit is referred to as the degree of substitution (DS).

Degree of substitution (DS)

Depending on the degree of substitution of the isocyanide, this reaction converts isocyanides into carbonyls or gives stable cycloadducts.

The endmembers of the hydrogarnet family (grossular, hibschite, and katoite) depend on the degree of substitution (x):

This study examines specific resources - various types of labour, capital and materials - used by the hospital sector to quantify the degree of substitution that has occurred over the period 1951 to 1981.

Calcium, (as well as magnesium and zinc, to a limited extent) frequently substitutes for manganese in the structure, leading to lighter shades of red and pink, depending on the degree of substitution.

Pure selenide minerals are rare, instead selenium tends to partially substitute for sulfide in many sulfide minerals, although the degree of substitution is only of commercial interest for copper sulfide ores.

The green paper lists three broad approaches for common issuance of eurobonds based on the degree of substitution of national issuance (full or partial) and the nature of the underlying guarantee (joint and several or several).

This directed addition of a proton results in the more thermodynamically stable carbocation intermediate, as determined by degrees of substitution; more highly substituted carbocations are stabilized by the electron-pushing inductive effect of the surrounding carbon molecules.

Typically, this critical (congealing) temperature is inversely related to both the solution concentration of HPMC and the concentration of the methoxy group within the HPMC molecule (which in turn depends on both the degree of substitution of the methoxy group and the molar substitution.